Repeat it several times, changing the dynamic, the articulation, maybe even the texture. At the pianoįind a short piece that you know well (perhaps 16 bars long). It means that you should repeat the passage indefinitely while you wait for a cue from the stage or from the conductor. This is common in music written for the theatre. You may occasionally see the instruction “vamp till ready” or “repeat ad lib”. It is used a lot in pop, jazz and stage music. This symbol means that you should repeat the previous bar. This sign will be printed alongside the al coda instruction and will also be printed at the start of the coda. Al coda means that you should go to the coda (ending). Fine means that you have now reached the end of the piece. There will then follow an instruction fine or al coda. It means that you should repeat from the sign. The instruction DS is an abbreviation of Dal Segno. It means that you should repeat from the beginning of the piece until there is a further written instruction. The instruction DC is an abbreviation of Da Capo. We tend to call them this even if the passages are several bars long. These are known as first-time bars and second-time bars. Sometimes the first repeat mark is omitted in this case, repeat from the start of the piece.Ī repeated section of music may end with bracketed passages that are labelled as 1. Double bar lines are found at the end of a section of music or at the very end of a song. The section of music that is printed between the two repeat marks should be repeated. The two symbols below are known as repeat marks. At the end of a piece you will find a final bar line. An anacrusis can be longer or shorter than the upbeat.Īt the end of a section of music, you may find a double bar line. If there is a fragment of melody before the first bar line, it is known as an anacrusis. These terms refer to conductors’ gestures. The last beat of each bar is known as the upbeat. The first beat of each bar is usually played slightly more loudly than the subsequent beats and is called the downbeat. Each of these bars is separated by a bar line. Music is divided into bars which usually comprise two, three or four beats.
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